Climat : papiers de recherche moissonnés (13/10/2015)

Linguistic analysis of IPCC summaries for policymakers and associated coverage / Ralf Barkemeyer, Suraje Dessai, Beatriz Monge-Sanz, Barbara Gabriella Renzi & Giulio Napolitano, Nature Climate Change, online 12 Oct. 2015 http://www.nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nclimate2824

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Summary for Policymakers (SPM) is the most widely read section of IPCC reports and the main springboard for the communication of its assessment reports. Previous studies have shown that communicating IPCC findings to a variety of scientific and non-scientific audiences presents significant challenges to both the IPCC and the mass media. Here, we employ widely established sentiment analysis tools and readability metrics to explore the extent to which information published by the IPCC differs from the presentation of respective findings in the popular and scientific media between 1990 and 2014. IPCC SPMs clearly stand out in terms of low readability, which has remained relatively constant despite the IPCC’s efforts to consolidate and readjust its communications policy. In contrast, scientific and quality newspaper coverage has become increasingly readable and emotive. Our findings reveal easy gains that could be achieved in making SPMs more accessible for non-scientific audiences.

Le rôle de la France dans le défi écologique mondial / Corinne Lepage, Géoéconomie, n° 76, 2015, pp. 19-30 https://www.cairn.info/revue-geoeconomie-2015-4-page-19.htm

Un mouvement est en marche pour limiter les émissions de gaz à effet de serre, alors que cette priorité avait longtemps été négligée. La prise de conscience des risques climatiques ayant fait du chemin depuis Copenhague, 2015 pourrait bien être l’année du changement. Mais alors que la loi sur la transition énergétique apporte des avancées en France, elle est encore loin de constituer un tournant vers les énergies renouvelables ; notre pays accumule un retard par rapport à ses voisins, une position peu avantageuse en amont de la COP21. Il est plus qu’urgent de mettre en place des engagements concrets et contrôlables via des sanctions. Et cela ne se fera pas sans un financement solide et durable des pays du nord, ni sans un renversement des attitudes des États, alors même qu’un changement des mentalités s’opère au sein de la société civile.

The Green Climate Fund accreditation process: barrier or opportunity? / Bowen Wang & Neha Rai. IIED, sept 2015, 4 p. http://pubs.iied.org/17311IIED.html

As the largest pot of climate funding available to developing countries, the Green Climate Fund (GCF) holds huge promise. As it enters into operation, national institutions, including government, can apply to access GCF’s resources ‘directly’. But the rigorous accreditation process appears a barrier to many, which coupled with unclear benefits is likely to undermine the zeal for direct access in developing countries. But experiences from another key climate fund, the Adaptation Fund, show that preparing for direct access has inherent co-benefits beyond accessing finance. The trials of accreditation may involve vital growing pains that also strengthen national institutions, and even improve country systems. Though cumbersome, the GCF direct access accreditation process presents an opportunity to improve a nation’s future bargaining capacity to access climate finance ‘at scale’, creating a positive cycle of funding success.

Danièle Revel

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